Smart Building Automation and Control Systems in the USA

ritika | 09-Aug,2022

Smart building automation software is specially designed for controls, various electronics, and mechanical and electronic systems throughout a building. Smart building automation software provides facilities of lighting control, HVAC (heating and air conditioning), and access control to share strategies and information to reduce improve energy efficiency, and reduce energy consumption.

In the present time, the picture of the buildings has changed. Property Owners want buildings that are more sustainable, ultra-efficient, resilient, and people-centric. This is the reason why you will get to see smart buildings everywhere in the USA. At the same time, there is a need for a better understanding of industry standards and practical implications for integrating historically distinct Smart Building Automation Systems.

The plethora of Smart Buildings in the United States is also due to the low energy consumption in the world, for which automation has been integrated into smart building designs. There are some building companies that provide real-time data and control over BMS systems for your convenience, including lighting, HVAC, cables, sensors, controls, security, and colors

Anatomy of a Smart Building Automation and Control System

Smart Building automation systems are configured to meet the specific needs of the building and its occupants, which we have discussed below –

Software
A Communication Bus
Field Controller
Network Controller
Downstream end-device (thermostat, room controller) for Occupancy Control

Smart Building Automation & Control Products

Building Management System
Smart Building Control
Power Quality Management System
Cloud Security
Room Controllers
Video Management & Security
Values and Value Actuators

Manufacturing of Automation and Control Systems in Smart Commercial Buildings

Smart Building Automation Automated centralization of a building's HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), electrical, lighting, shading, access control, security systems, and other interconnected systems through a Building Management System or Building Automation System controls.

Basic Components of a Smart Building

Perimeter Protection
Gate Automation
Intrusion System
CCTV System
Access Control

Benefits of Smart Buildings as per Smart Building Automation and Control Systems –

Energy Efficient Consumption
Low Consumption
Well Anticipated
Real-Time Action
Smart Maintenance of Equipment
Benefit from Smart Data

Building Access Control Systems in the USA

An Access Control System is a way to manage your access to a building, or certain areas of a building. An access control system includes access control devices, such as access cards, card readers, and access management dashboards.

Access control systems reduce the risk involved in data and product theft in buildings and enhance employee security. These are usually set up with a two-factor or multi-factor identification process and may require information such as cards, tokens, and passwords.

Basic Components of an Access Control System

Credentials: It consists of a unique electronic "key" that a person uses to gain access through a door secured by an Access Control System. The most common is an electronic access card, but it can also be a PIN, fingerprint, iris, face, barcode from an app on the phone, etc.

Lock Hardware: Door hardware can then be an electric door lock and a security entry door that is used to electrically lock and unlock a door or entryway into a secure area.

Intelligent Controller: Boards or panels are installed in a building and used to process access control activity. This includes credential readers, electric lock hardware, and other access control devices all connected to the panel.

Credential Reader: The device is mounted on the exterior of the gateway and used to "read" the credentials electronically.

Access Control Server Computer: The Access Control System serves as the brain, the central database, and the file manager responsible for recording system activity.

The 3 Basic Parts of an Access Control System

User-Facing
Admin Facing
Basic Infrastructure

Types of Controlled Access

Cloud-Based
IoT Based
Mobile or Smartphone Based

Cloud-Based: Access permissions are stored in the cloud, not in a local server. An administrator is able to handle all the permissions using a browser anytime, anywhere.

IoT Based: To understand the Internet of Things (IoT) based access control concept, smartphone technology is needed. A Pixel phone as a powerful sensor automatically updates firmware, internet connectivity, Bluetooth power, and more.

As with popular providers, door readers are regularly connected to the Internet with updated firmware.

Mobile or Smartphone-Based: This control system works just like mobile accessed email. With popular systems, users can simply hold the phone up to a Near Field Communications or Bluetooth reader, which unlocks the door.

Main Models of Building Access Control System

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Rule-Based Access Control
Discretionary Access Control (DAC)
Mandatory Access Control (MAC)
Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

Smart Building Digital Control System in the USA

Its shows the development of a fully operational design of a Direct Digital Control System for use as a standard Building Control and Facilities Management System. Digital systems are used to control various systems of a smart building from a central point. These controls are often referred to as building automation systems and control the building's HVAC, lighting, alarm systems, etc.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Building Digital Control System

Advantages –

Time-Sharing: You can use a communication channel to transmit a discrete control signal to more than one control system.

System Design: For some control system applications, improved system performance can be achieved through sample-data Control System Design.

Control System with Built-In Sampling: Sampling is inherent in some critical applications and is desirable for other applications.

Coding of Digital Signals and Digital Communications: The entry of digital control into the industrial landscape was mainly through large process industries, due to the cost advantage. Which, includes a steel mill, chemical, fertilizer, and cement industries

Digital Computer Implementation of Sophisticated Control Law: Dedicated Minicomputers and Microprocessors can be used to Implement Sophisticated Algorithms.

Disadvantages –

Software Errors: The complexity of the controller lies in software-implemented algorithms, which can find errors.

System Design: The mathematical analysis of a digital controller is sometimes more complex than that of continuous data control systems.

Controller Dynamic Update: Analog to digital and digital to analog converters with digital computers tend to introduce some time delays.

System Stability: System stability is reduced by converting a continuous data system into a digital system.

Loss of Signal Information: The signal output from the digital controller has to be converted into an analog form before it can be applied to actuators.

Building Management Control System in the USA

A building management system, otherwise known as a building automation system, is a computer-based control system installed in buildings. It controls and monitors the building's mechanical and electrical equipment such as ventilation, lighting, electrical systems, fire systems, and security systems. Here we have given the most useful Business Management Control System –